Sheep and goats are important species of livestock for India. They contribute greatly to the agrarian economy, especially in areas where crop and dairy farming are not economical, and play an important role in the livelihood of a large proportion of small and marginal farmers and landless labours. The productivity of Indian sheep and goats is low, yet considering the nutritional and physical environmental conditions under which they are reared, it cannot be considered inefficient.Major reasons for this low productivity are inadequate grazing resources, disease problems and serious lack of organized efforts for genetic improvement.Sheep and goat mortality is quite high. Due to bacterial and viral diseases, pneumonia in various forms (particularly pulmonary adenomatosis), sheep-pox, enterotoxaemia and anthrax in sheep, and pneumonia, clostridial diseases and lumbar paralysis in goats are common and result in high mortality. Internal and, to some extent, external parasites also cause large morbidity and economic loss. To overcome this issue now a days stall fed livestock farms plays a vital role in improving the productivity of animals under disease free zone, in such case the mortality of the animal can be lowered to some extent by proper medications. So under stall feeding systems both contagious & non contagious diseases can be easily diagonised & controlled by proper monitoring & medications at the appropriate timings.

ndia’s vast genetic resources in sheep and goats are reflected by the availability of 40 breeds of sheep and 20 breeds of goats. In the strict sense, there are no specific breeds, since the majority of them do not have specified defined characters. Neither are there breeding societies or agencies to register animals of particular breeds, maintain flock books and ensure the purity of the breed. A population of sheep or goats in a given locality, with characters distinct from other populations in the vicinity and with a distinct local name, has usually been considered as a breed. There has been little effort to conserve and further improve the native breeds. At a few Central and State Government farms, some important breeds of sheep and goats are maintained for pure breeding and producing stud rams for distribution to the farmers. Most of the breeds of sheep and goats in India have evolved naturally through adaptation to agro-ecological conditions to a limited extent there has been artificial selection for specific needs. These breeds have generally been named after their place of origin or on the basis of prominent characteristics. Most of the breeds of sheep and goats are very well adapted to the harsh climate, long migration, and lack of vegetation and drinking water. A large proportion of sheep and goats (more particularly the latter) are of nondescript or mixed breeds. here has been a very great amount of inter-mixture among indigenous breeds. Crossing with exotic breeds has also been undertaken in order to upgrade the local breeds and to develop new ones, but no serious consideration inferior breeds with superior breeds, especially Jamnapari, Beetal, sirohi, talacherry,osmanabadi,boer,kodi etc….