Goat Shed Design

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Goat Shed or goat housing plays a key role in commercial goat farming,  it should be of scientific designs to safeguard the animals from intense weather conditions & to protect the goats from predators.

The cost of goat shed depends on various factors like animal’s allotments, Make, Designs, Floorings, Facilities like feeders, drinkers, etc. & type of rearing the goats whether it is a intensive zero grazing stall fed systems or semi intensive systems.

Prevention of the diseases is a must if goat housing is designed scientifically animals will be 100% safe & hygienic so that it will have good fertility, immunity & productivity in housings it will enhance profits as we expect in goat farming business, Whereas improper goat shed designs with poor ideology will severely affect the goats & it will lead to severe loss as goats &sheep’s are extremely sensitive normally.

The land for the shed constructions should be vacant from wild animals & severe winds.

Separate cabins for each age group of animals should be allotted

Goats should have a separate feed area.

The shed should have separate feeders for feeds & concentrations feeds & always kept clean & dry to avoid disease contaminations

The sheds of the following types are required for housing the animals,Different sheds in an organized sheep and goat farm

  • General flock shed
    (Ewe / Doe shed)
  • Ram or buck shed
  • Lamb or kid shed
  • Sick animal shed
  • Shearing and storeroom
  • Attendant’s room
  • Lambing or kidding shed

General flock shed (Ewe / Doe shed)

  • The flock shed shall be used for housing ewes or does kept for breeding purpose.
  • The shed shall be 15m (l) x 4m (w) x 3 m (h) and can accommodate not more than 60 ewes or does.
  • The shed should be three metre high and should have brick-on-edge floor.
  • In low lying and heavy rainfall areas, the floors should preferably be elevated and in temperate regions they may be made of strong wood.

Ram / buck shed

  • Rams or bucks kept for breeding purpose are housed individually in these sheds. Alternatively, wooden partitions can be raised in bigger shed to partition in to stalls.
  • The dimension is of 4m (l) ×2.5m (w) ×3m (h) and can accommodate about 3 rams/ bucks.
  • The shed shall be partitioned lengthwise to form three equal compartments.
  • The partition between each shed should not exceed one metre.
  • The partitions may be either of wooden planks or half-cut ballis.
  • The partition shall be not more than one metre high from the floor.

Lambing / kidding shed

  • These sheds shall be used as maternity rooms for pregnant ewe or doe and are housed individually in these sheds.
  • The shed shall be 1.5m(l)×1.2m(w)×3.0m(h), a manger for holding feed and hay and a bucket for keeping water shall be provided in the shed.
  • These sheds shall be made draught free.
  • In cold climates some warming device, like a room heater shall be fixed in maternity pens, so that new borns are protected from cold during winter.

Lamb/ kid shed

  • Lambs or kids from weaning upto attaining maturity are housed in these sheds at the rate of about 25 animals per shed.
  • By making suitable partitions in a larger shed, unweaned, weaned but immature and nearby maturity lambs can be housed separately.
  • On larger farms however, three separate sheds may be constructed to house three categories of kids or lambs.
  • The shed shall be with a dimension of 7.5m (l) ×4m (w) ×3m (h) to accommodate not more than 75 animals.
  • The shed shall be partitioned breadth wise dividing into two compartments. The compartments having dimension of 5m (l) ×4m (w) ×3m (h) shall be used to keep the unweaned animals and other compartment with dimension of 2.5m(l)×4m(w) x3m(h) shall be used for keeping the weaned animals.

Sick animal shed

  • There shall be a sick animal shed for segregating ailing and disabled animals.
  • Away from the other sheds one or more sick animal sheds may be constructed with a dimension of 3m (l) ×2m (w) × 3 m (h)
  • The lower half of the door may be made of wooden planks and the upper half of wire-netting.
  • There may also be a window of 0.7 m broad and 1.2 m high with a wire net covering.

Shearing and storeroom

  • The shearing and storeroom consist of two compartments with a dividing wall.
  • One room may be exclusively meant for storing wool and shearing equipment and the other for keeping feed and medicines.
  • The other room used for shearing may be 6m (l) x 2.5m (w) x 3m (h).
  • There shall be a door one metre wide and two metres high in front side of the room.
  • The door leaf may be made of wooden battens. It may also have two windows, one on each side of the long sides of the room.
  • This room should have clean smooth floors and walls lined with glazed tiles up to a height of one and half metre.
  • The room should be made damp and dust proof.
  • There shall be three windows on three sides.

Attendant’s room

  • The shepherd’s house meant for caretaker shall be located at a convenient place in the yard.
  • The house may be 6m (l) X 4m (w) X 3 m (h). There shall be a door of one metre wide and two metres high on the long side of the shed facing the passage of the yard.
  • The door leaf may be of wooden planks. There may be four windows; one of these facing the passage of the yard and the other three facing outside.
  • Each window may be 0.7 m broad and 1.2 m high and covered with wire netting.

Constructional details of different units

  • The flooring may be either of moorum(reddish soil that can be compacted easily to form hard surfaces) or of strong wooden battens and, where the rainfall is quite heavy; the latter type of flooring may be preferred.
  • In the case of wooden-batten flooring, the width of each plank shall vary from 7.5 to 10.0 cm and the thickness between 2.5 cm and 4.0 cm.
  • The sides of the planks shall be well rounded and the clearance between two planks shall range between 1.0 cm and 1.5 cm to facilitate the disposal of dung and urine.
  • The wooden-batten flooring shall be constructed at a height of at least one metre above the ground level.
  • In this case, a suitable ramp or steps of wooden planks shall be provided.
  • In the case of moorum flooring, a plinth wall between 15 cm and 30 cm in height shall be provided.
  • For the shearing and store room and shepherd’s house, the flooring may be of moorum or brick in cement mortar, and the floor shall be levelled properly.
roof
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  • The roof may be made gabled.
  • The roofing material may be either plain or corrugated galvanized steel sheets or asbestos cement sheets and where the rainfall is not heavy, it may be of thatch.
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  • Each shed may be provided with one or more gates either on the long or broad sides of the sheds depending upon the dimensions of the shed.
  • The dimensions of each gate may be 0.8 m broad and one metre high. The gate leaf and frame may be made of wooden battens. It shall fit the entrance closely.
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Manger and water trough

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Manger and water trough

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Manger and water trough

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Manger and water trough

  • The manger may be either of cement concrete or of wood with two compartments for providing feed and hay.
  • separate hay rack may also be provided by fixing at level or slightly below the heads of the animals
  • With the help of clamps, the manger may be raised within the height ranging between 450 and 600 mm from the ground
  • The water trough may be of cement concrete or galvanized steel pails or buckets and may be fixed or hung from a hook fixed to the walls.
  • The manger may also be of portable type. The number of mangers and water troughs in each shed may vary according to the number of animals.
  • To protect the animals from infection a dipping tank may be made either of galvanized steel sheets or constructed of stone or brick in cement mortar, whichever is likely to prove economical, according to local conditions.
  • If a galvanized steel tank is used, it shall be well bedded down and the soil rammed tight against it to prevent the sides of the bath from bulging when it is filled.
  • If the base of the soil is unstable, the tank may be bedded in cement concrete.
  • The dipping tank may be at one side of the yard.
  • A footbath made of galvanized steel sheets or brick in cement mortar shall be provided at the entrance to the yard to protect the animals from foot-rot disease.
  • These baths may be embedded in the soil suitably.